Financial Accounting Final Answers

ANSWERS 1 a) 1 b) 1 c) 1 d) 1 e) 1 f) This transaction has no effect on the balance sheet since this is only an order, no financial value. 1 g) 1 h) 1 i) 1 j) 2 a) a] b] c] d] e] f] g] h] j] k] l] 2 b) INCOME STATEMENT as of April, 30th Sales Revenue$10,000 COGS $(6,500) GROSS MARGIN $ 3500 Salary Expense $(1,000) Rent Expense $(2,000) Utilities Expense   $(200) Depreciation Expense   $(90)TOTAL EXPENSES $ (3290)Net Income: 3500 – 3290 = $ 210 BALANCE SHEET as of April, 30th Cash 3,870 Acc / Pay 5,000 A/R 10,000 (Raw Mat 11,800 + Finished Goods1,500) Inv 13,300 Total Current Assets $ 27,170 Total Current Liabilities $ 5,000 (Depreciation $90) PPE (Net) $ 5910 C/S $ 30,000 Prepaid Rent $ 2000 R/E $ 80 Total Non-Current Assets $ 7,910 SHE $ 30,080 A = $ 35,080 = L + E = 30,080 + 5,000 = $ 35,080 Age |Amount |Estimate to be Uncollectible |Required balance in Allowance| |1-30 Days |$600,000 |%% 0. 70% |$4,200 | |31-60 Days |$175,000 |% 1. 20% |$2,100 | |61-120 Days |$70,000 |% 11% |$7,700 | |More than 120 Days |$10,000 |% 65% |$6,500 | |Year-end balance of allowance for doubtful accounts  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   = $20,500 | a) The credit balance in the allowance for uncollectible accounts is $ 2,500 20,500 – 2,500 = 18,000 3 b) In case of skimming the adjusting journal entry, since it would show expense understated; balance sheet equation would be overstated comparing otherwise. The reason to that is removal of this amount would present the company as if it contains higher receivable accounts. 4 a i) Cost of Goods Available for Sale = AFS = InvB + Purchases = = (3,500Ãâ€"66) + (3400Ãâ€"64. 75)+(3,200Ãâ€"64. 30) = $ 656,910COGS (LIFO) = (3,500Ãâ€"66) + (3400Ãâ€"64. 75)+(150Ãâ€"64. 30) = 231,000 + 220,150 + 9,645 COGS (LIFO) = $ 460,795 InvE = AFS – COGS = 656,910 – 460,795 = $ 196,115 = (3050Ãâ€"64. 30) a ii) Cost of Goods Available for Sale = AFS = $ 656,910 COGS (FIFO) = (3,200Ãâ€"64. 30) + (3,400Ãâ€"64. 75)+(450Ãâ€"66) = 205,760 + 220,150 + 29,700 COGS (FIFO) = $ 455,610 InvE = AFS – COGS = 656,910 – 455,610 = $ 201,300 = (3050Ãâ€"66) iii) Cost of Goods Available for Sale = AFS = $ 656,910 Total Units = 3,200 + 3,400 + 3,500 = 10,100 Total Sold Units = 3,600 + 3,450 = 7,050 COGS (FIFO) = (7,050Ãâ€"65. 0405) = COGS (FIFO) = $ 458,536 InvE = AFS – COGS = 656,910  œ 458,536 = $ 198,374 = (3050Ãâ€"65. 0405) 4 b) They are to use LIFO calculation in order to minimize Taxes. The reason for that is in LIFO, which is last in first out method costs of goods are calculated starting from the latest purchases, eventually with higher unit costs. So since the expenses will be shown higher taxes for this period shall be minimized. c) Thomas Engine Company is required to use FIFO method should they choose to report higher profits in March. As per FIFO cost for sold goods are calculated starting from the first received material (earlier inventory mostly as in this example) consequently with lower unit costs will take place in calculations for profits. 5) Original Cost = $ 177,600, Salvage Value= $ 9,600, Assumed Useful Life = 6 years Assumed Total Operating Hours = 30,000 hrs a i) Straight Line Method Average Depreciation Expense = (177,600 – 9,600) / 6 = 28,000 $/per year End of Year |Depreciation Expense ($) |Book Value ($) | |1 |28,000 |149,600 | |2 |28,000 |121,600 | |3 |28,000 |93,600 | ii) SYD Method |EoY |Depreciable Base ($) |Depr. Rate |Depr. Expense ($) |Accumulated Depr. $) |Book Value ($) | |1 |168,000 |6 / 21 |48,000 |48,000 |129,600 | |2 |168,000 |5 / 21 |40,000 |88,000 |89,600 | |3 |168,000 |4 / 21 |32,000 |120,000 |57,600 | a iii) Activity Method |End of Year |Hours Operated |Depr.Expense ($) |Book Value ($) | |1 |4,500 |25,200 |152,400 | |2 |5,000 |28,000 |124,000 | |3 |5,500 |30,800 |93,600 | b) c) As it is S/L Method the Average Depreciation Expense = (177,600 – 9,600)/6 = 28,000 $/per yearAccumulated Depreciation Expense at the end of 3rd year is = 28,000 x 3 = $ 84,000 d) As per SYD Table above Book Value at the end of the 2nd year is $ 89,600. Sold Price = $ 73,000 Loss = 89,600 – 73,000 = $ 16,600 Accordingly; e) As per tables above Book Values at the S/L and Activity Methods are same ($ 93,600) and higher than SYD. The reason of this coencidence is at the end of 3rd year, which is exactly the half of assumed useful life, total operating is (4,500 + 5,000 + 5,500) 15,000 hrs, which is also exactly half of the assumed total operated hours. 6) |Second Year |Second Year w/ loan | |Total Current Assets ($) |36,000 |46,000 | |Total Assets ($) |66,000 |76,000 | |Total Current Liabilities ($) |4,600 |4,600 | |Total Long Term Liabilities ($) |—– |10,000 | |Total SHE ($) |61,400 |61,400 | a) Long Term Debt Ratio= LTD / Total Assets = 0 / 66,000 = 0 b) Debt – Equity Ratio = Total Debt / SHE = 4,600 / 61,400 = 0. 75 c) Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities = 36,000 / 4,600 = 7. 82 d) LTD / Total Assets = 10,000 / 76,000 = 0. 13 e) Total Debt / SHE = 14,600 / 61,400 = 0. 24 f) Current Ratio = 46,000 / 4,600 = 10 ———————– DR Cash†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 100,000 CR C/S†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 100,000 DR Equipment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦. 225 CR Acc Payable†¦.. â € ¦ 225 DR Cash†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦. 5,000 † Ã¢â‚¬   †  †  †  †  †  † Ã¢â‚¬  ? † Ã¢â‚¬   †  †  † Ã¢â‚¬   †  †  † Ã¢â‚¬   CR Acc Receivable†¦ 5,000 A = L + E A = L + E DR Prepaid Insu Exp †¦. 3,000 CR Cash†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3,000 A = L + E DR Acc Receivable †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5,000 CR Sales Rev†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5,000 A = L + EDR Prepaid Rent†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 1,000 CR Cash†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 1,000 A = L + E DR Land†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 25,000 CR C/S†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 25,000 A = L + E DR Equipment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7,500 CR Acc Payable†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6,800 CR Cash†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 700 A = L + E A = L + E DR Acc Payable†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦. 225 CR Check/Cash†¦.. †¦ 225 A = L + E Apr, 1st) DR Cash†¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦. $ 30,000 CR Common Stock. †¦ $ 30,000 Apr, 2nd ) DR PPE †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦. $ 6,000 CR Cash†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦ $ 6,000 Adjusting Entry on Apr, 30th ) DR Depreciation Exp†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. $ 90 CR Acc Depreciation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. $ 90 Apr, 4th ) DR Inventory†¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. $ 10,000 CR Cash†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦ $ 10,000 Apr, 1st ) DR Prepaid Rent†¦.. †¦$ 4,000 CR Cash†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦ $ 4,000Adjusting Entry on Apr, 30th ) DR Rent Expense†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. $ 2,000 CR Prepaid Rent †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. $ 2,000 Apr, 8th ) DR Work in Progress †¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. $ 8,000 CR Raw Material in Use†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦ $ 8,000 Apr, 10th ) DR Raw Material †¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. $ 5,000 CR Acc / Payable†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦ $ 5,000 Apr, 14th ) DR Inventory Expense †¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. $ 4,000 DR Salary Expense†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦$ 1,000 CR Cash†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦. †¦ $ 5,000 Apr, 15th ) DR Inventory Expense †¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. $ 800 DR Salary Expense†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦$ 200 CR Cash†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦. †¦ $ 1,000 Apr, 30th ) DR Accounts Receivable†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 10,000 CR Sales Revenue†¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦. †¦$ 10,000 Apr, 30th ) DR COGS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. $ 6,500 CR Inventory. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦. †¦$ 6,500 Apr, 30th ) DR Dividend†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦.. $ 130 CR Cash†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦. †¦$ 130 DR Bad Debt Expense †¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. $ 18,000 CR Allowance for Doubt Acc†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦ $ 18,000 Average Unit Cost = =656,910/10,100 = $ 65. 0405 DR Depr Exp †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦$ 28,000 CR Acc Depr†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. $ 28,000 A = L + E DR Depr Exp †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ $ 28,000 Acc Depr†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ $ 28,000 Loss from Asset Disposal†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. $ 16,600 CR Machinery†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. $ 177,600 A = L + E R/EB + N/I = R/EE + Dividend 0 + 210 = R/EE + 130 R/EE = $ 80